Estate plan

Montana

Everything to plan your estate in Montana: execution requirements, the documents we generate, statutory citations, and the exact wording our generators insert.

Will

2W

Trust

POA

N

HC Directive

2W

E-will

Adopted

Since 2023

RON

Since 2015

Remote online notarization

ROW

Not allowed

Remote online witnessing

Community property

No

Minimum age

18

NW + N = N witnesses + notarizationNW = N witnesses, no notarizationN = notarization, no witnesses = no formal requirements
1

Will

Mont. Code §72-2-521 et seq.

Witnesses: 2 required

Two witnesses must sign within reasonable time after witnessing testator's signing or acknowledgment

Notarization: Recommended

Not legally required, but recommended for self-proving affidavit

Holographic will: Valid

Handwritten wills without witnesses are recognized in Montana

Self-proving affidavit: Available

Allows the will to be admitted to probate without witness testimony

2

Living Trust

Witnesses: None required

No formal execution requirements beyond settlor signature; notarization strongly recommended when funding real property

Notarization: Recommended

Not legally required for the trust document, but needed to transfer real property

3

Durable Power of Attorney

Witnesses: None required

No witnesses required for power of attorney

Notarization: Required

Notarization is required for a valid durable power of attorney

State-specific notes

Acknowledged before a notary public. Mont. Code §72-31-305
Durability is presumed unless the instrument states otherwise
ViewStatutory warning notice
IMPORTANT INFORMATION This power of attorney authorizes another person (your agent) to make decisions concerning your property for you (the principal). Your agent will be able to make decisions and act with respect to your property (including your money) whether or not you are able to act for yourself. The meaning of authority over subjects listed on this form is explained in the Montana Uniform Power of Attorney Act, Mont. Code §§72-31-301 to 72-31-368. This power of attorney does not authorize the agent to make health- care decisions for you. You should select someone you trust to serve as your agent. Unless the power of attorney provides otherwise, your agent has the power to act on your behalf for all matters covered by this instrument, even if you are able to act for yourself. Your agent is entitled to reasonable compensation unless you state otherwise in the Special Instructions. This form provides for designation of one agent. If you wish to name more than one agent you may name a coagent in the Special Instructions. Coagents are not required to act together unless you include that requirement in the Special Instructions. If your agent is unable or unwilling to act for you, your power of attorney will end unless you have named a successor agent. You may also name a second successor agent. This power of attorney becomes effective immediately unless you state otherwise in the Special Instructions. Your agent is required to act in accordance with your reasonable expectations to the extent actually known by your agent and, otherwise, in your best interest, to act in good faith, and to act only within the scope of authority granted in the power of attorney. The law that governs powers of attorney is contained in the Montana Code, Title 72, Chapter 31, Part 3. If you have any questions about the power of attorney or the authority you are granting to your agent, you should seek legal advice before signing this form.
ViewAgent acknowledgment wording
AGENT'S DUTIES (Mont. Code §72-31-322). Notwithstanding any provision in this power of attorney, an agent that has accepted appointment shall: (1) act in accordance with the principal's reasonable expectations to the extent actually known by the agent and, otherwise, in the principal's best interest; (2) act in good faith; and (3) act only within the scope of authority granted in this power of attorney. Except as otherwise provided in this power of attorney, an agent that has accepted appointment shall: (1) act loyally for the principal's benefit; (2) act so as not to create a conflict of interest that impairs the agent's ability to act impartially in the principal's best interest; (3) act with the care, competence, and diligence ordinarily exercised by agents in similar circumstances; (4) keep a record of all receipts, disbursements, and transactions made on behalf of the principal; (5) cooperate with a person that has authority to make health-care decisions for the principal to carry out the principal's reasonable expectations to the extent actually known by the agent and, otherwise, act in the principal's best interest; and (6) attempt to preserve the principal's estate plan, to the extent actually known by the agent, if preserving the plan is consistent with the principal's best interest. An agent that violates the duties under Mont. Code §72-31-322 is liable to the principal or the principal's successors in interest for the amount required to (a) restore the value of the principal's property to what it would have been had the violation not occurred, and (b) reimburse the principal or principal's successors for the attorney's fees and costs paid on the agent's behalf. The agent may also be subject to criminal liability under Montana's exploitation-of-an- older-person and embezzlement statutes for misuse, conversion, or theft of the principal's property.
4

Declaration

Mont. Code §50-9-101 et seq.

Witnesses: 2 required

Two witnesses strictly required. Notary cannot substitute for witnesses under Mont. Code §50-9-104

Notarization: Not required

Notarization is not required but may be accepted

State-specific notes

Witnesses cannot be the agent
Plus

6 more documents with Will.com Plus

$29/year unlocks the documents below alongside the four free ones above. Your answers and documents are saved privately to your account, encrypted in your browser, so you can revise them any time life changes.

Disposition of Remains Authorization

Names the agent who controls funeral, burial, or cremation decisions, with optional preferences.

HIPAA Authorization

Stand-alone PHI release that survives death for the period you specify, separate from the in-life authorization in your healthcare directive.

Nomination of Conservator

Pre-nominates the person you want a court to appoint if a conservator (or guardian of the estate) is ever needed.

Business Succession Declaration

Identifies your interests in any closely-held businesses and how they should be transferred or wound down.

Real-Estate Retitling Checklist

Step-by-step instructions for transferring real-property deeds into your trust so the trust actually controls those assets.

Letter of Instruction

Non-binding personal note to your executor and family: where to find documents, account access, funeral wishes, and other practical guidance.

Free vs. Plus

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All 4 state-specific documents
State-specific signing guide
Download as PDF, print forever
Covers real estate, business, digital, and funeral wishes
Disposition of remains authorization
Standalone HIPAA authorization
Nomination of conservator
Business succession declaration
Real-estate retitling checklist
Special needs trust provisions
Letter of instruction, pre-filled and editable
Edit anytime, stored in your account
Annual review reminder
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Electronic will status

Montana has adopted electronic will legislation (2023). You may be able to create, sign, and witness a will electronically using approved methods.

Digital assets access

Montana has adopted RUFADAA (2017). This is the Revised Uniform Fiduciary Access to Digital Assets Act, which lets your executor, trustee, or agent access your email, social media, cryptocurrency wallets, cloud storage, and other digital accounts after death or incapacity.

To take advantage of RUFADAA, your will, trust, or power of attorney must explicitly grant authority to access digital assets. Without explicit authorization, service providers can deny access even to a court-appointed executor.

Remote online notarization (RON)

Montana authorized RON in 2015.

Will

Allowed

Trust

Allowed

POA

Allowed

Remote online witnessing (ROW)

Montana does not allow remote online witnessing for estate planning documents. Witnesses must be physically present when you sign.

Will

Not allowed

Trust

Not allowed

POA

Not allowed

HC Directive

Not allowed

This information is general in nature and not legal advice. Laws change. Consult a licensed estate planning attorney in Montana for guidance specific to your situation.

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