Estate plan requirements

Connecticut

Everything your estate plan needs to be valid in Connecticut: execution requirements, the documents we generate, statutory citations, and the exact wording our generators insert.

Requirements at a glance

DocumentWitnessesNotary
Will2 requiredRecommended
Living trustNone requiredRecommended
Power of attorney2 requiredRecommended
Healthcare directive2 requiredNot required

Your complete Connecticut estate plan

Will, living trust, durable power of attorney, healthcare directive, and six more documents, all valid in Connecticut.

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Connecticut content last reviewed May 18, 2026.

News

Recent changes in Connecticut

RON

Connecticut permanent RON takes effect, estate documents excluded

Public Act 23-28 authorizes remote online notarization but explicitly excludes wills, codicils, trusts, powers of attorney, and healthcare instructions.

PA 23-28Source
1

Will

Conn. Gen. Stat. §45a-250 et seq.

Witnesses: 2 required

Two witnesses must sign in the presence of the testator

Notarization: Recommended

Not legally required, but recommended for self-proving affidavit

Holographic will: Not valid

Connecticut does not recognize handwritten wills without witnesses

Self-proving affidavit: Available

Allows the will to be admitted to probate without witness testimony

ViewWitness disqualification / interested-witness rule
Conn. Gen. Stat. §45a-258 (formerly §45-172): every devise or bequest to a subscribing witness, or to the husband or wife of a subscribing witness, is VOID unless the will is legally attested without that witness's signature or the devisee/legatee is also an heir to the testator; the witness's competency is not affected, and a witness's mere interest in a community/church/society/association/corporation beneficially interested in a devise does not affect either the devise or the witness's competency
2

Living Trust

Witnesses: None required

No formal execution requirements beyond settlor signature; notarization strongly recommended when funding real property

Notarization: Recommended

Not legally required for the trust document, but needed to transfer real property

3

Durable Power of Attorney

Conn. Gen. Stat. §1-350 et seq.

Last verified: 2026-05-18

Witnesses: 2 required

Connecticut requires 2 witnesses for power of attorney execution

Notarization: Recommended

Notarization is not legally required but is recommended. It creates a presumption of genuine signature and simplifies third-party acceptance.

Key features of Connecticut POA

Power categories A through N (general authority categories from the Uniform Power of Attorney Act)
9 optional estate-planning powers (O through W) requiring separate initials: inter vivos trust creation/amendment, gifts, rights of survivorship, beneficiary designations, joint-and-survivor annuity waiver, fiduciary delegation, disclaimer, digital assets, intellectual property
Required statutory short-form notice to principal under Conn. Gen. Stat. §1-352(a)(2)
Agent acceptance is by conduct under §1-350l; no notarized agent acknowledgment required
Notarization recommended but not required for validity; acknowledgment creates a presumption that the principal's signature is genuine (§1-350d)

State-specific notes

Requires two witnesses. Conn. Gen. Stat. §1-350d
Notarization not required for validity but recommended; acknowledgment creates a presumption of genuineness under §1-350d
Best practice: do not use the agent as a witness. Connecticut has no statutory bar (§1-350d is silent), but agent-as-witness creates self-attestation that can complicate later challenges
Agent's acceptance is by exercising authority or other conduct indicating acceptance; no notarized agent acknowledgment is required (§1-350l)
Where the principal cannot sign, another person may sign in the principal's conscious physical presence at the principal's direction (§1-350d, as amended by P.A. 21-39)
ViewWarning notice for the principal
Notice: The powers granted by this document are broad and sweeping. They are defined in the Connecticut Uniform Power of Attorney Act, which expressly permits the use of any other or different form of power of attorney desired by the parties concerned. The grantor of any power of attorney or the agent may make application to a Probate Court for an accounting as provided in subsection (d) of section 45a-175 of the general statutes. This power of attorney does not authorize the agent to make health care decisions for you.
ViewConnecticut statutory form categories (18)
These are the categories in Connecticut's statutory power of attorney form. The durable power of attorney we generate is not a reproduction of that form: it grants general authority by article, and grants the powers below that require separate authorization by initialed line, so these lettered categories do not appear in your document. General categories: A. Real property B. Tangible personal property C. Stocks, bonds, and other securities D. Banking and other financial institution transactions E. Operation of entity or business F. Insurance and annuity transactions G. Estates, trusts, and other beneficial interests H. Claims and litigation I. Personal and family maintenance J. Benefits from governmental programs or civil or military service K. Retirement plans L. Taxes M. Digital assets Hot powers (require separate authorization): 1. Create, amend, revoke, or terminate an inter vivos trust (Conn. Gen. Stat. §1-351b) 2. Make a gift, subject to limitations of the power of attorney act 3. Create or change rights of survivorship or beneficiary designations 4. Delegate authority granted under the power of attorney 5. Waive the principal's right to be a beneficiary of a joint-and-survivor annuity, including a survivor benefit under a retirement plan (Conn. Gen. Stat. §1-351b)
4

Health Care Instructions

Conn. Gen. Stat. §19a-575a et seq.

Witnesses: 2 required

Two witnesses required. Conn. Gen. Stat. §19a-576

Notarization: Not required

Notarization is not required but may be accepted

State-specific notes

The person appointed as health care representative cannot act as a witness to this document and cannot sign it. As a drafting precaution, do not use an alternate representative as a witness either. Conn. Gen. Stat. §19a-576(a)
Residents of Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services (DMHAS) facilities: at least one witness must not be affiliated with the facility, and at least one must be a physician, advanced practice registered nurse, or licensed clinical psychologist with specialized training in treating mental illness (§19a-576(b))
Residents of Department of Developmental Services (DDS) facilities: at least one witness must not be affiliated with the facility, and at least one must be a physician, advanced practice registered nurse, or licensed clinical psychologist with specialized training in developmental disabilities (§19a-576(c))
Operators, administrators, and employees of a hospital, residential care home, rest home with nursing supervision, or chronic and convalescent nursing home cannot be appointed as health care representative by a current or applicant patient or resident of one of those facilities; an administrator or employee of a government agency that is financially responsible for the person's medical care likewise cannot be appointed for that person. The restriction does not apply where the person is related to the principal by blood, marriage, or adoption. Conn. Gen. Stat. §19a-576(d)
A physician or APRN cannot serve simultaneously as health care representative and attending physician/APRN for the same principal (§19a-576(e))
ViewWitness disqualification recital
Conn. Gen. Stat. §19a-576(a): the appointment must be signed and dated in the presence of two adult witnesses who also sign the document, and the person appointed as health care representative may not act as a witness or sign it. Connecticut does not otherwise disqualify a relative, an heir, or an employee of a health care provider from witnessing. Two facility-specific rules do apply. Under §19a-576(b), for a person residing in a facility operated or licensed by the Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, at least one witness must not be affiliated with the facility and at least one must be a physician, advanced practice registered nurse, or licensed clinical psychologist with specialized training in treating mental illness. Under §19a-576(c) the same pattern applies, with specialized training in developmental disabilities, for a facility operated or licensed by the Department of Developmental Services. The attestation that the maker appeared to be at least eighteen, of sound mind, and under no improper influence is drawn from the statutory forms at §19a-575a and §19a-577.
Subscription

6 more documents with a subscription

$29/year unlocks the documents below alongside the four free ones above. Your answers and documents are saved privately to your account, encrypted in your browser, so you can revise them any time life changes.

Disposition of Remains Authorization

Names the agent who controls funeral, burial, or cremation decisions, with optional preferences.

HIPAA Authorization

Stand-alone PHI release that survives death for the period you specify, separate from the in-life authorization in your healthcare directive.

Nomination of Conservator

Pre-nominates the person you want a court to appoint if a conservator (or guardian of the estate) is ever needed.

Business Succession Declaration

Identifies your interests in any closely-held businesses and how they should be transferred or wound down.

Real-Estate Retitling Checklist

Step-by-step instructions for transferring real-property deeds into your trust so the trust actually controls those assets.

Letter of Instruction

Non-binding personal note to your executor and family: where to find documents, account access, funeral wishes, and other practical guidance.

Free vs. paid

FreePaid
All 4 state-specific documentsIncluded in freeIncluded in paid tier
State-specific signing guideIncluded in freeIncluded in paid tier
Download as PDF, print foreverIncluded in freeIncluded in paid tier
Secure online storageNot in freeIncluded in paid tier
Covers real estate, business, digital, and funeral wishesNot in freeIncluded in paid tier
Disposition of remains authorizationNot in freeIncluded in paid tier
Standalone HIPAA authorizationNot in freeIncluded in paid tier
Nomination of conservatorNot in freeIncluded in paid tier
Business succession declarationNot in freeIncluded in paid tier
Real-estate retitling checklistNot in freeIncluded in paid tier
Special needs trust provisionsNot in freeIncluded in paid tier
Letter of instruction, pre-filled and editableNot in freeIncluded in paid tier
Edit anytimeNot in freeIncluded in paid tier
Annual review reminderNot in freeIncluded in paid tier
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Electronic will status

Connecticut has not adopted electronic will legislation. A traditional paper will with physical signatures is required.

Digital assets access

Connecticut has adopted RUFADAA (2016). This is the Revised Uniform Fiduciary Access to Digital Assets Act, which lets your executor, trustee, or agent access your email, social media, cryptocurrency wallets, cloud storage, and other digital accounts after death or incapacity.

To take advantage of RUFADAA, your will, trust, or power of attorney must explicitly grant authority to access digital assets. Without explicit authorization, service providers can deny access even to a court-appointed executor.

Remote online notarization (RON)

Connecticut authorized RON in 2023. Connecticut PA 23-28 (effective October 1, 2023), codified at Conn. Gen. Stat. §3-95b(i), prohibits remote acknowledgment for (1) wills, codicils, trusts and trust instruments; (2) health care instructions under §19a-575a; (3) designations of a standby guardian under §45a-624; (4) designations of a person for decision-making under §1-56r; (5) living wills as defined in §19a-570; (6) powers of attorney as defined in §1-350a; (7) self-proving affidavits for an appointment of health care representative or for a living will (§§1-56r, 19a-578); (8) mutual distribution agreements under §45a-433; (9) agreements as to the division of an estate under §45a-434 (added by P.A. 24-97); (10) the execution of a disclaimer under §45a-479 or §45a-583, which is how §3-95b(i)(10) reads; §45a-583 is captioned 'Disclaimer of property passing under nontestamentary instrument' and §45a-479 is captioned 'Suspension of fiduciary powers during armed forces service'; and (11) real estate closings under §51-88a. Remote acknowledgment in violation of §3-95b(i) is ineffective and a violation of §51-88

Will

Not allowed

Trust

Not allowed

POA

Not allowed

Remote online witnessing (ROW)

Connecticut does not allow remote online witnessing for estate planning documents. Witnesses must be physically present when you sign.

Will

Not allowed

Trust

Not allowed

POA

Not allowed

HC Directive

Not allowed

This information is general in nature and not legal advice. Laws change. Consult a licensed estate planning attorney in Connecticut for guidance specific to your situation.

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