Healthcare directive requirements by state
What your state requires to create a valid advance healthcare directive — witnesses, notarization, and execution formalities.
What every state requires
- ✓Written and signed — the directive must be in writing and signed by you while of sound mind and 18+
- ✓Witnesses — most states require 1–2 witnesses; a few allow a notary as an alternative
- ✓Distribute copies — give your agent, primary care physician, and family a signed copy; keep the original accessible
Who cannot be a witness
In most states, your healthcare agent cannot serve as a witness. Many states also disqualify relatives, heirs, anyone who will benefit financially from your estate, and your attending physician or healthcare providers. Check the state-specific details below for the exact restrictions in your state.
Notarization
Alternative
Witnesses
2
Notarization
Not required
Witnesses
2
Notarization
Not required
Witnesses
2
Notarization
Not required
Witnesses
2
Notarization
Alternative
Witnesses
2
Notarization
Alternative
Witnesses
2
Notarization
Alternative
Witnesses
2
Notarization
Not required
Witnesses
None
Notarization
Required
Witnesses
2
Notarization
Alternative
Witnesses
2
Notarization
Not required
Witnesses
2
Notarization
Alternative
Witnesses
2
Notarization
Required
Witnesses
2
Notarization
Alternative
Witnesses
2
Notarization
Not required
Witnesses
2
Notarization
Required
Witnesses
2
This information is general in nature and not legal advice. Requirements may vary based on your specific circumstances. Consult a licensed estate planning attorney for guidance.